家蚕核糖体的提取及其Sarcin/Ricin结构域的初步鉴定

用超速离心结合密度梯度离心法从蚕蛹中提取家蚕80S核糖体,经尿素变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,结果表明家蚕核糖体的RNA同大鼠核糖体RNA在序列长度上有明显差异,家蚕5.8S rRNA高于大鼠5.8S rRNA,而家蚕5S rRNA的序列长度则略低于大鼠。用核糖体失活蛋白R ic in分析鉴定家蚕核糖体的Sarc in/R ic in结构域,结果是家蚕Sarc in/R ic in结构域比大鼠Sarc in/R ic in结构域离28S rRNA的3′末端更近。     

Antioxidant,anti-amylase and anti-glycation potential of brans of some Sri Lankan traditional and improved rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties

Brans of 23 traditional and 12 improved (both red and white) rice varieties in Sri Lanka were screened for anti-amylase and anti-glycation activities in vitro. Varieties which showed the highest inhibitory activities at screening were further investigated for anti-glucosidase and glycation reversing as anti-diabetic properties. The same varieties were studied for selected antioxidant properties. Significantly high anti-amylase and anti-glycation activities were observed for bran extracts of red varieties compared to white varieties at screening. Traditional red rice varieties, Masuran, Sudu Heeneti, Dik Wee and Goda Heeneti, exhibited significant and dose dependent anti-amylase, anti-glycation and glycation reversing activities. These varieties also showed marked antioxidant properties. It is concluded that brans of Sri Lankan traditional red rice varieties Masuran, Sudu Heeneti, Dik Wee and Goda Heeneti may be potential food supplements for diabetes.     

Salvinia plants in trade: what species are we actually talking about?

Incorrect labelling of plants in trade and misidentification are widespread. Likewise, in trade numerous names are being used for the ornamental aquatic plant known as ‘Kariba weed’, but rarely the correct scientific name Salvinia molesta Mitch. For inspection services of EPPO member countries, correct identification of S. molesta has become important since the species was added to the EPPO A2 List and the List of Union concern in accordance with EU regulation 1143/2014 based on an EPPO Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) for the species. Inspections and a targetted survey of Salvinia plants in trade in the Netherlands were performed and additional material was obtained from wild sources in South Africa, Hungary and the United States. Specimen identification was verified by comparison with the herbarium collection at Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden and with the sequences available in NCBI GenBank database. This paper provides the tools to correctly identity the relevant Salvinia species.     

Comparative analysis of MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathway activation and inhibition in human and canine melanoma

The lack of advanced animal models of human cancers is considered a barrier to developing effective therapeutics. Canine and human melanomas are histologically disparate but show similar disease progression and response to therapies. The purpose of these studies was to compare human and canine melanoma tumours and cell lines regarding MAPK and PI3K/AKT signalling dysregulation, and response to select molecularly targeted agents. Pathway activation was investigated via microarray and mutational analysis. Growth inhibition and cell cycle effects were assessed for pathway inhibitors AZD6244 (MAPK) and rapamycin (PI3K/AKT) in human and canine melanoma cells. Human and canine melanoma share similar differential gene expression patterns within the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Constitutive pathway activation and similar sensitivity to AZD6244 and rapamycin was observed in human and canine cells. These results show that human and canine melanoma share activation and sensitivity to inhibition of cancer‐related signalling pathways despite differences in activating mutations.     

MDV Meq-clustered miRNAs基因缺失BAC克隆株的构建及其体外增殖特性

为构建缺失马立克氏病病毒(Mareks disease virus,MDV)Meq基因簇microRNAs(Meq-clustered miRNAs的突变株,本研究在vv MDV GX0101细菌人工染色体(bacterial artificial chromosome,BAC)克隆的基础上,采用Red/ET同源重组技术将Meq-clustered miRNAs的编码基因进行缺失突变,经PCR鉴定及序列分析证明Meq-cluster miRNAs序列成功缺失后,提取Δmeq-miRNAs BAC DNA,转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)进行病毒拯救,用SYBR GreenⅠqRT-PCR检测病毒体外增殖特性。结果表明成功拯救出缺失MDV Meq-clustered miRNAs基因的感染性BAC克隆株GX0101Δmeq-miRNAs,且该缺失株与亲本株GX0101BAC具有相似的增殖曲线,Meq-clustered miRNAs是MDV体外复制的非必需基因。MDV Meq-clustered miRNAs基因缺失感染性BAC克隆株的成功构建为进一步研究MDV Meq-clustered miRNAs在MDV致病和致肿瘤方面的作用奠定了基础。     

Wnt/β-catenin信号通路上游基因在山羊绒周期性再生及着色过程中的表达分析

为初步探究Wnt/β-catenin信号通路是否参与山羊绒周期性再生及着色过程,本试验采用实时荧光定量技术对Wnt/β-catenin信号通路上游基因β-catenin、Lef1/Tcf3及该通路拮抗基因Dkk1mRNA在白色绒山羊绒毛生长不同时期及黑、白色绒山羊绒毛生长旺盛期时体侧部皮肤组织中的相对表达量进行研究。结果显示,上述通路中β-catenin、Lef1/Tcf3基因mRNA在白色绒山羊不同时期体侧部皮肤组织中的相对表达量具有明显变化规律即生长前期缓慢上调,旺盛期时表达量最高,生长后期及退行期逐渐下调,休止期表达量最低;Dkk1基因mRNA在白色绒山羊不同时期体侧部皮肤组织中的相对表达量则无明显规律性。上述各基因mRNA在黑、白色绒山羊生长旺盛期时体侧部皮肤组织中的相对表达量并无显著差异(P0.05)。结果提示,Wnt/β-catenin信号通路参与山羊绒周期性再生过程,但该通路并不涉及生长旺盛期时绒毛的着色过程。